An Rìbhinn (planaid)
(Air ath-sheòladh o Venus)
"Venus" ath-sheòlaidhean an seo. Airson cleachdaidhean eile, faic Venus (soilleireachadh).
B' e Bhèineas neo Rìbhinn an darna planaid. Is i an rud as dearrsach san speur againne as deidh, an Grian agus an Gealach, agus tha far-ainm aice - "a' Mhadainneag". 'S e Bhèineas am planaid as fhaisge dhuinn. Chan eil saideal aice.
An Rìbhinn | |
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Dealbh le dathan fìrinneach dhen Rìbhinn a chaidh a thogail le Mariner 10 's a phròiseasadh le dà chriathrag. Tha neòil pronnaisg thiugha a' falach a h-uachdair.
| |
Feartan na cuairte (Ceann-aimsir J2000) [1][2][3] | |
Aphelion | 0.728 213 AU 108,939,000 km |
Perihelion | 0.718 440 AU 107,477,000 km |
Aiseal dàrnach | 0.723 332 AU 108,208,000 km |
Neo-mheadhanachd | 0.006772[4] |
Ùine na cuairte | 224.701 là[1] 0.615 198 bliadhna Iulianach 1.92 là-grèine na Rìbhinne |
Ùine co-nasgach | 583.92 là[1] |
Luaths cuibheasach na reul-cuairte | 35.02 km/s |
Neo-choitcheannachd meadhain | 50.115° |
Claonadh | 3.394 58° an coimeas na h-èicliptich 3.86° an coimeas crios-meadhain na Grèine 2.19° an coimeas plèana neo-chaochlaideach[5] |
Domhan-fhad an nòd-dìridh | 76.680°[4] |
Argamaid a' perihelion | 54.884° |
Saidealan air a bheil sinn eòlach | Chan eil saideal aice |
Feartan fiosaigeach | |
Rèideas meadhain | 6,051.8±1.0 km[6] 0.9499 uiread dhen Talamh |
Leathnachadh | 0[6] |
Farsaingeachd an uachdair | 4.6023×108 km2 /0.902 uiread dhen Talamh |
Tomhas lìonaidh | 9.2843×1011 km3 0.866 uiread dhen Talamh |
Tomad | 4.8675×1024 kg[7] 0.815 uiread dhen Talamh |
Dùmhlachd meadhain | 5.243 g/cm3 |
Iom-tharraing air an uachdair | 8.87 m/s2 0.904 g |
Luaths teichidh | 10.36 km/s (6.44 mi/s)[8] |
Ùine a' chuir reultaich | −243.025 là (ais-cheumach)[1] |
Luaths cuir an reul-chriosa | 6.52 km/h (1.81 m/s) |
Claonadh an aiseil | 2.64° le cuairteachadh ais-cheumach 177.36° an coimeas na reul-cuairte[1] |
Dìreadh deas a' phòla a tuath | 18u 11m 2d 272.76°[9] |
Dì-chlaonadh a' phòla a tuath | 67.16° |
Albedo | 0.90 (Bond)[10] 0.67 (geomatrach)[10] |
Meudachd lèirsinneach | as soilleire −4.9[11][12] (corranach) −3.8[13] (làn) |
Trast-thomhas ceàrnach | 9.7″ gu 66.0″[1] |
Teothachd | Kelvin
Celsius
|
Àile | |
Brùthadh-àile air an uachdar | 92 bàr (9.2 MPa) |
Stuthan | 96.5% carbon dà-ogsaid 3.5% naitridean 0.015% carbon dà-shulfaid 0.007% argon 0.002% deathach uisge 0.0017% carbon aon-ogsaid 0.0012% helium 0.0007% neon Lorgan dhe shuilfid carbonyl Lorgan dhe haidridean clòraid Lorgan dhe haidridean fluaraid |
Ràinig na Sovietich Bhèineas sa chiad aite, leis na proban "Venera". chunnaic iad àile geur is garbh, agus talamh teth. Cha do mhair na proban ach mionaidean. Gu mi-fhortanach, cha bidh daoine a' fuireach ann a dh'aithghearr, agus gun teagamh, chan eil beatha sam bith air an talamh aige.
Bha ceangail làidir eadar Bheineas agus Quetzacoatl, agus chleachd na Comunnaich i, mar seorsa seun, m.e. b' e The Morning Star, pàipear-naidheachd Comunnach.
Iomraidhean
deasaich- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Williams, David R. (5mh dhen Ghiblean 2005): “Venus Fact Sheet”. NASA. Air a thogail 12mh dhen Dàmhair 2007.
- ↑ Lorenz, Ralph D., Lunine, Jonathan I. ⁊ Withers, Paul G. ⁊ McKay, Christopher P. (2001): “Titan, Mars and Earth: Entropy Production by Latitudinal Heat Transport”. Ames Research Center, University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory. Air a thogail 21mh dhen Lùnasdal 2007 (PDF).
- ↑ Yeomans, Donald K.: “HORIZONS Web-Interface for Venus (Major Body=2)”. JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System.—Tagh "Ephemeris Type: Orbital Elements", "Time Span: 2000-01-01 12:00 to 2000-01-02". (Bu chòir dha "Target Body: Venus" agus "Center: Sun" a bhith 'nam bun-roghainnean.) 'S e luachan na reul-cuairte pògaidh sa bhad air ceann-aimsir J2000 pongail a tha sna toraidhean.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Simon, J.L., Bretagnon, P.; Chapront, J.; Chapront-Touzé, M.; Francou, G.; Laskar, J. (): “Numerical expressions for precession formulae and mean elements for the Moon and planets,” ann an: Astronomy and Astrophysics, leabhar 282, àir. 2, td. 663–683. Bibcode: 1994A&A...282..663S.
- ↑ “The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter”. Air a thasglannadh [o http://home.surewest.net/kheider/astro/MeanPlane.gif] 17mh dhen Ghiblean 2012. Air a thogail 10mh dhen Ghiblean 2009. (chaidh a dhèanamh le Solex 10 (duilleag-lìn Solex 10 air a tasgadh 18 dhen t-Sultain 2015) air a sgrìobhadh le Aldo Vitagliano))
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Seidelmann, P. Kenneth, Archinal, Brent A.; A'Hearn, Michael F.; Conrad, Albert R.; Consolmagno, Guy J.; Hestroffer, Daniel; Hilton, James L.; Krasinsky, Georgij A.; Neumann, Gregory A.; Oberst, Jürgen; Stooke, Philip J.; Tedesco, Edward F.; Tholen, David J.; Thomas, Peter C.; Williams, Iwan P. (2007): “Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006,” ann an: Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy, leabhar 98, àir. 3, td. 155–180. Bibcode: 2007CeMDA..98..155S. doi:10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y.
- ↑ Konopliv, A. S., Banerdt, W. B.; Sjogren, W. L. (An Cèitean 1999): “Venus Gravity: 180th Degree and Order Model,” ann an: Icarus, leabhar 139, àir. 1, td. 3–18. Bibcode: 1999Icar..139....3K. doi:10.1006/icar.1999.6086.
- ↑ "Planets and Pluto: Physical Characteristics". NASA. 2008-11-05. Retrieved 2015-08-26.
- ↑ "Report on the IAU/IAG Working Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements of the planets and satellites". International Astronomical Union. 2000. Retrieved 2007-04-12.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Mallama, A., Wang, D.; Howard, R.A. (2006): “Venus phase function and forward scattering from H2SO4,” ann an: Icarus, leabhar 182, àir. 1, td. 10–22. Bibcode: 2006Icar..182...10M. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2005.12.014.
- ↑ Mallama, A. (2011): “Planetary magnitudes,” ann an: Sky & Telescope, leabhar 121, àir. 1, td. 51–56.
- ↑ "HORIZONS Web-Interface for Venus (Major Body=299)". JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System (Geophysical data). 2006-04-27. Retrieved 2010-11-28. (Le JPL Horizons, chì thu gun robh meudachd lèirsinneach dhe −4.89 aig an Rìbhinn 8 dhen Dùbhlachd 2013)
- ↑ Espenak, Fred (1996). "Venus: Twelve year planetary ephemeris, 1995–2006". NASA Reference Publication 1349. NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. Retrieved 2006-06-20.
Planaidean | Mearcar • An Rìbhinn/Bhèineas • An Talamh (A' Ghealach*) • An Corg/Màrs • Am Bliogh/Iupatar • Satarn • Ùranas - Neaptun |
Fo-phlanaidean | Plùto • Sedna • Ceres • Eris • Makemake • Haumea |
Eile | Grian • Crios Reultan Seachrain • Reultan earballach • Crios Kuiper • Diosg Sgapte • Neul Oort • 2003 UB313 |
* Chan e planaid a th' anns A' Ghealach ach saideal ann an reul-eòlas seach anns an t-siostam Ptolemy. |