An diofar eadar na mùthaidhean a rinneadh air "Rìoghachd na h-Alba"
Content deleted Content added
Loidhne 41:
Ghlèidh rìoghachd aonaichte na h-Alba cuid a ghnàthasan a bhiodh aig na Cruithnich roimhe. Chithear seo sna gnàthasan ealanta aig crùnadh [[Sgàin]].<ref name="Webster1997pp45-7">B. Webster, ''Medieval Scotland: the Making of an Identity'' (St. Martin's Press, 1997), ISBN 0333567617, pp. 45-7.</ref> Ged a bha monarcachd na h-Alba sna meadhan-aoisean a' siubhal o àite gu àite a ghnàth, bha Sgàin fhathast am measg nan àitichean as cudromaiche agus dh'fhàs caistealan rìoghail mar [[Caisteal Shruighlea|Chaisteal Shruighlea]] agus [[Caisteal Pheairt|Chaisteal Pheairt]] cudromach aig deireadh nam meadhan-aoisean mus do dh'fhàs [[Dùn Èideann]] 'na cheanna-bhail ann an dàrna leth na còigeamh linn dheug.<ref name=McNeil&MacQueenpp159-63>P. G. B. McNeill and Hector L. MacQueen, eds, ''Atlas of Scottish History to 1707'' (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1996), pp. 159–63.</ref><ref name="Wormald1991pp14-5">J. Wormald, ''Court, Kirk, and Community: Scotland, 1470–1625'' (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991), ISBN 0748602763, pp. 14-15.</ref> Ged a bha iomadh rìgh ann nach robh aig inbheachd, mhair an crùn ann mar phrìomh-eileamaid an riaghaltais. Aig deireadh nam meadhan-aoisean, thàinig an aon at air a’ chrùn ’s a thàinig air feadhainn eile san Roinn Eòrpa.<ref>J. D. Mackie, B. Lenman and G. Parker, [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=jGYDyP0xkFcC&pg=PT150&dq=renaissance+scotland+monarchy&hl=En&ei=-D2dT_iHIaPN0QXwrJDlDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=book-thumbnail&resnum=3&ved=0CEcQ6wEwAg#v=onepage&q=renaissance%20scotland%20monarchy&f=false ''A History of Scotland''] (London: Penguin, 1991), ISBN 0140136495.</ref> Chaidh teòirigean air cuingeachadh na monarcachd agus comhaireachd a dheasbad ann an Alba, gu sònraiche le [[Seòras Bochanan]] san 16mh linn ach bhrosnaiche [[Seumas VI na h-Alba is Seumas I Shasainn|Rìgh Seumas VI]] teòirig [[còir dhiadhaidh rìghrean]] agus dh'èirich an deasbad seo a-rithist 's a-rithist, rìgh air rìgh, èiginn air èiginn. Dh'fhuirich a' chùirt rìoghail fhathast aig teis-mheadhan an t-saoghail phoilitigich agus b' e a' chùirt prìomh-ionad taisbeanadh nan ealain agus cùl-taic nan ealain a-mach on t-siathamh linn dheug gus an deach a leigeil mu sgaoil aig àm [[Aonadh nan Crùintean]] ann an 1603.<ref name="Thomas2012pp200-2">A. Thomas, "The Renaissance", in T. M. Devine and J. Wormald, ''The Oxford Handbook of Modern Scottish History'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), ISBN 0191624330, pp. 200-2.</ref>
Thog crùn na h-Alba na dreuchdan a bha cumanta ann an cùirtean taobh an iar na Roinn Eòrpa, mar an [[Stiùbhard na h-Alba|stiùbhard]], [[Seumarlan na h-Alba|seumarlan]], [[Constabal na h-Alba|constabal]], [[Marasgal na h-Alba|marasgal]] agus [[Seansalair na h-Alba|seansalair]].<ref name=Barrow1965pp11-12>G. W. S. Barrow, Robert Bruce (Berkeley CA.: University of California Press, 1965), pp. 11-12.</ref> Dh'fhàs Comhairle an Rìgh na bhuidheann làn-ùine sa chòigeamh linn dheug agus thar ùine, fhuair daoine nach robh nan clèireach agus a bha tàireil air rian a' cheartais làmh an uachdair ann.<ref name="Wormald1991pp22-3">J. Wormald, ''Court, Kirk, and Community: Scotland, 1470–1625'' (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991), ISBN 0748602763, pp. 22-3.</ref> Bha [[Comhairle Dhìomhair na h-Alba|a' chomhairle dhìomhair]], a thàinig gu bith aig meadhan na siathamh linn dheug,<ref name="Goodacre2004pp35&130">J. Goodacre, ''The Government of Scotland, 1560-1625'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004), ISBN 0199243549, pp. 35 and 130.</ref> agus oifisean mòra na stàite, a' gabhail a-staigh an t-seansalair, rùnaire agus agus [[Ionmhasair na h-Alba|ionmhasair]], aig teis-mheadhan rianachd an riaghaltais fad ùine mhòr, fiù an dèidh dha na monarcan Stiùbhartach falbh a Shasainn a-mach o 1603.<ref name="Goodacre2004pp150-1">J. Goodacre, ''The Government of Scotland, 1560-1625'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004), ISBN 0199243549, pp. 150-1.</ref>
In the early period the kings of the Scots depended on the great lords of the [[mormaer]]s (later [[earl]]s) and Toísechs (later [[thanes]]), but from the reign of David I, [[sheriffdom]]s were introduced, which allowed more direct control and gradually limited the power of the major lordships.<ref name=McNeil&MacQueenpp191-4>P. G. B. McNeill and Hector L. MacQueen, eds, ''Atlas of Scottish History to 1707'' (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1996), pp. 191-4.</ref> In the seventeenth century the creation of [[Justices of Peace]] and [[Commissioners of Supply]] helped to increase the effectiveness of local government.<ref>R. A. Houston, I. D. Whyte, ''Scottish Society, 1500-1800'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), ISBN 0521891671, p. 202.</ref> The continued existence of [[Court baron|courts baron]] and introduction of [[kirk session]]s helped consolidate the power of local [[laird]]s.<ref>R. Mitchison, ''Lordship to Patronage, Scotland 1603-1745'' (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983), ISBN 074860233X, pp. 80-1.</ref>
| |||