Alexander Fleming

B' e làmh-lèigh agus bith-eòlaiche à Alba a bha ann an Alexander Fleming (6 an Lùnastal 1881–11 am Màrt 1955). Rugadh e air tuathanas ris an canar Lochfield Farm faisg air Dairbheal anns an t-Siorrachd Inbhir Àir an Ear. Bha e na oileanach aig a' pholytechnic ann an Lunnainn agus an sin aig Sgoil Mheidigeach Mhoire far an deach e na òraidiche ann an 1914. As dèidh cogaidh mhòr thill e an sin agus chaidh e na ollamh ann an 1928. Lorg e am beirmear lysozyme ann an 1923 agus dh'fhàs e ainmeil air sgàth 's gun robh esan a' faotainn penicillin a-mach às an fhungas Penicillium notatum ann an 1928.

Alexander Fleming
Rector of the University of Edinburgh (en)
Beatha
Breith	Lochfield (en) , 6 dhen Lùnastal 1881
Dùthaich	Rìoghachd Aonaichte
Ciad chànan	Beurla
Bàs	Lunnainn, 11 dhen Mhàrt 1955
Àite-adhlacaidh	St Paul's Cathedral (en)
Nàdar a’ bhàis	adhbharan nàdarra (greim-cridhe)
Teaghlach
Athair	Hugh Fleming
Màthair	Grace Morton
Cèile	Sarah Marion McElroy (en)  (1915 -  1949) Amalia Fleming (en)  (1953, 1953 -  11 dhen Mhàrt 1955)
Clann	liosta Robert Fleming (en)
Foghlam
Foghlam	Colaiste Impireil Lunnainn Imperial College School of Medicine (en) Kilmarnock Academy (en) Oilthigh Westminster St Mary's Hospital Medical School (en)
Cànain	Beurla
Dreuchd
Dreuchd	baicteir-eòlaiche, eòlaiche chungaidhean-leighis, lighiche, làmh-lèigh agus innleachdair
Fastaichean	Colaiste Impireil Lunnainn Oilthigh Lunnainn
Duaisean a fhuaras	liosta Duais Nobel ann an Leigheas  (1945) Knight Bachelor  (1944) Actonian Prize  (1949) Albert Medal  (1946) honorary doctor of the University of Madrid Complutense  (1948) honorary doctorate of the University of Graz Honorary doctor of the University of Liège Ball den Chomann Rìoghail  (1943) Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of London Grand Cross of the Civil Order of Alfonso X the Wise  (1948) Moxon Medal Cameron Prize of the University of Edinburgh Commander of the Legion of Honour  (1946) Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society Te Apārangi
Ainmeachadh airson duaisean	liosta Duais Nobel ann an Leigheas (1943) Duais Nobel ann an Leigheas (1944) Duais Nobel ann an Leigheas (1945) Duais Nobel ann an Leigheas (1946) Duais Nobel ann an Leigheas (1952)
Ballrachd	An Comann Rìoghail Acadamh Pàpach nan Saidheansan Colaiste Rìoghail nan Lèighean Acadamh Rìoghail nan Tìrean Ìsle airson nan Ealan is Saidheansan Reial Acadèmia de Medicina de Catalunya (en)
Seirbheis san arm
Meur an airm	British Army during the World War I (en)
Strì	An Dàrna Cogadh

Urraman

Bhuannaich e an Duais Nobel ann an Leigheas ann an 1945 còmhla ri Howard Florey agus Ernst Chain. Chaidh sloc air a' Ghealaich ainmicheadh air is air an reul-eòlaiche Williamina Fleming ann an 1970.

Iomraidhean

Duais Nobel ann an Leigheas

1901: von Behring 1902: Ross 1903: Finsen 1904: Pavlov 1905: Koch 1906: Golgi, Ramón y Cajal 1907: Laveran 1908: Mechnikov, Ehrlich 1909: Kocher 1910: Kossel 1911: Gullstrand 1912: Carrel 1913: Richet 1914: Bárány 1915: — 1916: — 1917: — 1918: — 1919:  1920: Krogh 1921: — 1922: Hill, Meyerhof 1923: Banting, Macleod 1924: Einthoven 1925: — 1926: Fibiger 1927: Wagner-Jauregg 1928: Nicolle 1929: Eijkman, Hopkins 1930: Landsteiner 1931: Warburg 1932: Sherrington, Adrian 1933: Morgan 1934: Whipple, Minot, Murphy 1935: Spemann 1936: Dale, Loewi 1937: Szent-Györgyi 1938: Heymans 1939: Domagk 1940: — 1941: — 1942: — 1943: Dam, Doisy 1944: Erlanger, Gasser 1945: Fleming, Chain, Florey 1946: Muller 1947: C. Cori, G. Cori, Houssay 1948: Müller 1949: Hess, Egas Moniz 1950: Hench, Kendall, Reichstein 1951: Theiler 1952: Waksman 1953: Krebs, Lipmann 1954: Enders, Robbins, Weller 1955: Theorell 1956: Cournard, Forssman, Richards 1957: Bovet 1958: Beadle, Tatum, Lederberg 1959: Kornberg, Ochoa 1960: Burnet, Medawar 1961: von Békésy 1962: Crick, Watson, Wilkins 1963: Eccles, Hodgkin, Huxley 1964: Bloch, Lynen 1965: Jacob, Lwoff, Monod 1966: Rous, Huggins 1967: Granit, Hartline, Wald 1968: Holley, Khorana, Nirenberg 1969: Delbrück, Hershey, Luria 1970: Axelrod, von Euler, Katz 1971: Sutherland, 1972: Edelman, Porter 1973: Frisch, Lorenz, Tinbergen 1974: Claude, de Duve, Palade 1975: Baltimore, Dulbecco, Temin 1976: Blumberg, Gajdusek 1977: Guillemin, Schally, Yalow 1978: Arber, Nathans, Smith 1979: Cormack, Hounsfield 1980: Benacerraf, Dausset, Snell 1981: Sperry, Hubel, Wiesel 1982: Bergström, Samuelsson, Vane 1983: McClintock 1984: Jerne, Köhler, Milstein 1985: Brown, Goldstein 1986: Cohen, Levi-Montalcini 1987: Tonegawa 1988: Black, Ellon, Hitchings 1989: Bishop, Varmus 1990: Murray, Thomas 1991: Neher, Sakmann 1992: Fischer, E. Krebs 1993: Roberts, Sharp 1994: Gilman, Rodbell 1995: Lewis, Nüsslein-Volhard, Wieschaus 1996: Doherty, Zinkernagel 1997: Prusiner 1998: Furchgott, Ignarro, Murad 1999: Blobel 2000: Carlsson, Greengard, Kandel 2001: Hartwell, Hunt, Nurse 2002: Brenner, Horvitz, Sulston 2003: Lauterbur, Mansfield 2004: Axel, Buck 2005: Marshall, Warren 2006: Fire, Mello 2007: Capecchi, Evans, Smithies 2008: zur Hausen, Barré-Sinoussi, Montagnier 2009: Blackburn, Greider, Szostak 2010: Edwards 2011: Beutler, Hoffmann, Steinman 2012: Gurdon, Yamanaka 2013: Rothman, Schekman, Südhof 2014: O'Keefe, M.-B. Moser, E. Moser 2015: Campbell, Ōmura, Tu 2016: Ohsumi 2017: Hall, Rosbash, Young 2018: Allison, Honju 2019: Kaelin, Radcliffe, Semenza 2020: Alter, Houghton, Rice 2021: Julius, Patapoutian 2022: Pääbo 2023: Karikó, Weissman